低成本无人机无线电数据链

1. 介绍

The digital data link modules are used for the communication between UAVs and the ground station (GS) to send data and receive commands. The two-way radio link must have high reliability and always be connected during the flight. Link module on UAV side must have a low price due to limitation on UAV total cost in mass production.

The main feature of this data link is the low rate of sending and receiving data to reduce the occupied bandwidth and subsequently increase the sensitivity of modules.

笔记 1: The GS module must be capable of communicating with 12 UAVs simultaneously.

2. 技术规格

参数	价值
Maximum Operating Range	25千米
Operating Height	10-5000米
Max UAVs Speed	100多发性硬化症
频带	超高频 (upper 400MHz)
Frequency Channel Selection	是
跳频	选修的 (is preferred)
UAV module Transmit Power	2W¯¯
GS module Transmit Power	10W¯¯
数据速率	See the below figures (software selectable in range of 1kbps to 500kbps)
Packet transmission delay	≤ 5 毫秒
Error detection	CRC
Channel Coding (FEC)	是
加密	是
Senstivity	−122分贝@20千比特/秒 −199分贝@40千比特/秒 −111分贝@230千比特/秒 −108分贝@500千比特/秒
MIMO Antenna	选修的
操作方式	点对点 (GS to one UAV) Point to MultiPoint (GS to maximum 12 UAVs on air, 同时地)
Receive satuation power	10分贝
No damage receiver power	20分贝
开机时间	Less than 2sec
Operationg time	最大限度 30 minutes continuously
Working tempearure	−20°𝐶 ~ + 60°𝐶

Three working modes for this digital data link can be considered, which are described in the following figures. According to the complexity and the cost of link module (specially on UAV side), each topology can be selected.

3. 组网类型

1- The working frequency of all uplinks and downlinks are different (the nodes work in different channels).

2- The frequency of uplink and downlink for each node is the same but is different with other nodes.

3- The working frequency of all nodes is same as other nodes and GS is managing the nodes to avoid data loss and interference.

笔记 2: In all the above three topologies, frequency hopping is a great advantage but is not a critical feature.

4. Electrical and Interface

参数	价值
UAV Installed Module
输入电压	9～18V
串口	1, RS422
串口波特率	9600~460800bps,
天线连接器	SMA
Interface Connector	J30J or DB type
重量	Less than 150g
尺寸 (长x宽x高)	8 × 8 × 3 厘米
GS Installed Module
输入电压	9～18V
Serail Port	1, RS422
Serial Buad Rate	9600~460800bps,
以太网络	RJ-45, 100Mbps
天线连接器	N型
Interface Connector	J30J or DB type
重量	Less than 500g
尺寸 (长x宽x高)	15 × 10 × 4 厘米