無人機發射器接收器

這是我們最新的超低延遲模型. 端對端時延可達 30 毫秒. 專為需要低延遲的無人機而設計.

無人機發射器接收器重量

無人機發射機尺寸

無人機接收器尺寸

無人機

無人機, 又稱UAV，是無人駕駛飛行器的縮寫.

是一種由無線電遙控設備和自身程序控制裝置控制的無人機.

從技術角度來看, 可分為無人以下, 無人機的應用場景很多.

• 固定翼飛機
• 無人垂直起降飛機
• 無人飛艇
• 無人直升機
• 多旋翼無人機
• 無人滑翔傘

我們常見的民用航拍, 巡線, 植物保護, 軍事偵察, 中繼, 罷工, 警察巡邏, 監視, 等等. 隨著民用無人機技術的快速發展, 越來越多的公司正在投資無人機專案開發

無人機系統主要分為三個部分: 地面站, 飛行控制, 和無線通訊鏈路. 讓我們來看看無人機無線通訊鏈路系統.

鏈路系統是無人機系統的重要組成部分. 其主要任務是建立空地雙向資料傳輸通道，完成遠距離遙控, 地面控制站對無人機進行遙測和任務訊息傳輸. 遠端控制可實現無人機和任務設備的遠端操作, 遙測技術可以監控無人機的狀態.

任務訊息傳輸傳輸視頻, 機載任務感測器所擷取的影像等資訊經由下行無線通道傳送至測控站. 是無人機完成任務的關鍵. 品質的好壞直接關係到發現和辨識目標的能力.

1. 中國對無人機使用頻段的規定

無人機通訊鏈路需要使用無線電資源. 現在, 全球無人機使用的頻譜主要集中在UHF, L, 和C波段, 其他頻段也分散. 現在, 我國工業與資訊化部無線電管理局初步製定了 “無人機系統的頻率使用很重要” 並計劃使用840.5-845MHz, 1430-1444MHz and 2408-2440MHz frequency bands for unmanned aircraft systems. It stipulates that the 1.840.5~845Mhz frequency band can be used for the uplink remote control link of the UAV system. 他們之中, 841~845Mhz can also be used for the uplink remote control and downlink telemetry information transmission link of the UAV system in a time division manner. 2. The 1430~1446MHz frequency band can be used for downlink telemetry and information transmission links of UAV systems. 他們之中, the 1430~1434MHz frequency band should be given priority to ensure the use of police UAV and helicopter video transmission. 如果需要的話, 1434~1442MHz can also be used for police helicopter video transmission. 傳染. When drones are deployed in urban areas, frequency bands below 1442MHz should be used. 3. 2408~1440MHz頻段可用於無人機系統的下行鏈路. 電台運作時不得影響其他合法的無線電服務, 也不能尋求無線電幹擾保護.

2. 無人機鏈路系統組成

無人機鏈路的機載部分包括機載資料終端 (ADT) 和天線. 機載資料終端機包括射頻接收器, 發射機, 以及一個調製解調器，用於將接收器和發射器連接到系統的其餘部分. 一些機載資料終端還提供壓縮資料處理，以滿足下行鏈路的頻寬限制. 裝置. 天線採用全向天線, 有時還需要使用有增益的定向天線.

鏈路的地面部分也稱為地面資料終端 (氣體放電管). The terminal includes one or more antennas, RF receivers and transmitters, and modems. If the sensor data is compressed before transmission, the ground data terminal also needs to use a processor to reconstruct the data. The ground data terminal can be divided into several parts, generally including a local data connection connecting the ground antenna and the ground control station, as well as several processors and interfaces in the ground control station.

For long-endurance UAVs, relaying is a commonly used method in order to overcome the influence of terrain obstruction, earth curvature, atmospheric absorption and other factors, and to extend the link range. When relay communication is used, the relay platform and corresponding forwarding equipment are also one of the components of the UAV link system. The operating distance between the drone and the ground station is determined by the radio range.

3. UAV link channel frequency band

During the transmission of UAV ground-to-air data, wireless signals will be affected by factors such as terrain, ground objects, and the atmosphere, causing reflection, scattering, and diffraction of radio waves, resulting in multipath propagation, and the channel will be interfered by various noises, causing Data transmission quality deteriorates.

In measurement and control communications, the impact of wireless transmission channels varies with different operating frequency bands. 所以, it is first necessary to understand the main frequency bands used for UAV measurement and control. The optional carrier frequency range for UAV measurement and control links is very wide. The cost of low-band equipment is lower, and the number of channels it can accommodate and the data transmission rate are limited, while the cost of high-band equipment is higher, and it can accommodate a larger number of channels and a higher data transmission rate.

The main frequency band for UAV link applications is microwave (300MHz~3000GHz), because the microwave link has a higher available bandwidth and can transmit video images. The high-bandwidth and high-gain antenna it uses has good anti-interference performance. Different microwave bands are suitable for different link types.

Generally speaking, 甚高頻, 超高頻, L, and S bands are more suitable for low-cost short-range UAV line-of-sight links; X and Ku bands are suitable for medium-range and long-range UAV line-of-sight links and air relay links. Road; Ku和Ka頻段適用於中遠程衛星中繼鏈路.